Towards better organizational analytics capability:a maturity model

Abstract. Data and analytics are changing the markets. Significant improvements in competitiveness can be achieved through utilizing data and analytics. Data and analytics can be used to support in all levels of decision making from operational to strategic levels. However, studies suggest that organizations are failing to realize these benefits. Many of the analytics initiatives fail and only a small partition of organizations’ data is used in decision making. This happens mostly because utilizing data and analytics in larger scale is a difficult and complex matter. Companies need to harness multiple resources and capabilities in a business context and use them synergistically to deliver value. Capabilities must be developed step by step and cannot be bought. Bottlenecks like siloed data, lack of commitment and lack of understanding slow down the development. The focus of this thesis is to gain insight on how these resources and capabilities can be managed and understood better to pursue a position where modern applications of data and analytics could be utilized even better. The study is conducted in two parts. In the first part, the terminology, disciplines, analytics capabilities, and success factors of data and analytics development are examined through the literature. Then a comprehensive tool for identifying and reviewing these analytics capabilities is built through analyzing and combining existing tools and earlier insights. This tool, organizational analytics maturity model, and other findings are then reviewed and complemented with empirical interviews. The main findings of this thesis were mapped analytics capabilities, success factors of analytics, and the organizational analytics maturity model. These results help practitioners and researchers to better understand the complexity of the subject and what dimensions must be taken into account when pursuing success with data and analytics.Kohti parempaa organisaation analytiikkakyvykkyyttä : maturiteettimalli. Tiivistelmä. Datan ja analytiikka muuttaa eri organisaatioiden välistä kilpailua. Huomattavia parannuksia kilpailukyvyssä voidaan saada aikaan oikeanlaisella datan ja analytiikan hyödyntämisellä. Data ja analytiikkaa voidaan käyttää kaikilla päätöksen teon asteilla operatiivisista päätöksistä strategiselle tasolle asti. Tästä huolimatta tutkimukset osoittavat, että organisaatiot eivät ole onnistuneet saavuttamaan näitä hyötyjä. Monet analytiikka-aloitteet epäonnistuvat ja vain pientä osaa yritysten keräämästä datasta hyödynnetään päätöksenteossa. Tämä johtuu pääosin siitä, että datan ja analytiikan hyödyntäminen isossa kontekstissa on vaikeaa ja monimutkaista. Organisaatioiden täytyy valjastaa useita resursseja ja kyvykkyyksiä liiketoimintakontekstissa ja käyttää näitä synergisesti tuottaakseen arvoa. Näitä kyvykkyyksiä ei voida ostaa suoraan, vaan ne joudutaan asteittain kehittämään osaksi organisaatiota. Kehitykseen liittyy myös paljon ongelmakohtia, jotka hidastavat kokonaiskehitystä. Siiloutunut data ja sitoutumisen ja ymmärryksen puute ovat esimerkkejä kehityksen kompastuskivistä. Tämän opinnäytteen tarkoitus on syventää ymmärrystä siitä, miten näitä resursseja ja kyvykkyyksiä hallitaan ja ymmärretään paremmin. Miten organisaatio pääsee tilaan, jossa se voi hyödyntää moderneja datan ja analytiikan mahdollisuuksia? Tutkimus muodostuu kahdesta osasta. Ensimmäisessä osassa käsitellään terminologia, analytiikkakyvykkyydet ja niiden menestystekijät. Sen jälkeen luodaan kokonaisvaltainen työkalu, organisaation analytiikkamaturiteettimalli, kyvykkyyksien tunnistamiseksi ja kehittämiseksi. Tämä malli rakennetaan ensimmäisten löydösten pohjalta. Tutkimuksen toisessa osassa aiemmat löydökset ja rakennettu malli validoidaan ja täydennetään empiirisillä haastatteluilla. Tämän työn päälöydökset ovat kartoitetut analytiikkakyvykkyydet, niiden menestystekijät ja organisaation analytiikkamaturiteettimalli. Nämä löydökset auttavat ammattilaisia ja tutkijoita ymmärtämään paremmin aiheen monimutkaisuuden ja mitä dimensioita tulee ottaa huomioon, kun pyritään menestykseen datan ja analytiikan avulla

Predicting Plausible Human Purkinje Network Morphology from Simulations

The Purkinje network (PN) gains more clinically importance as it becomes target for pacing in rate control and defibrillation. However, our understanding of the PN morphology arises from animal experiments, which might not transfer to humans. Therefore, we propose an automated computer simulation predicting physiological PN morphologies depending on the heart shape. It starts by generating virtual heart shapes from a statistical shape atlas and generates virtual PNs on the endocardial surface. For the combined virtual models the eikonal equation is solved to estimate the local activation times throughout the myocardium, which then feed forward to an simulation of the 12-lead surface ECG. From the simulated ECG the QRS-complex is compared against a healthy standard QRS-complex ,which allows to estimate how physiological a PN morphology is. In our model, only bundle branch bifurcation points near the base or near the apex result in physiological QRS wave forms. For the right bundle, more physiological QRS waves can be obtained when the branching point is at the apex. Only a minor dependency of the ECG on the heart shape is found. However, a strong correlation between the bundle branch bifurcation points themselves is observed

Occipital condyle fracture-A rare but severe injury in cranial fracture patients

We clarified occurrence, severity, and associated injuries of occipital condyle fractures (OCFs) in a cranial fracture population. Retrospective data of cranial fracture patients were analyzed. The outcome variable was presence of OCF in cranial fracture patients. Predictor variables were type of associated injury, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) value under 6, and death during hospital care. In addition, occurrence of OCF was assessed according to cranial fracture subtypes. Explanatory variables were age, sex, injury mechanism, involvement of alcohol, and high-energy injury. Treatment and outcome of OCFs were analyzed. Of 637 cranial fracture patients, 19 (3.0%) sustained an OCF, eight of whom had no other cranial fractures. In the multivariate adjusted model, increased risk for OCF was detected in patients with cervical injuries (OR 18.66, 95% CI 5.52, 63.12; p < 0.001) and facial fractures (OR 5.99, 95% CI 1.01, 35.45; p = 0.049). Patients with fractures not extending to the skull base were less likely to have OCF (OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.001, 0.25; p = 0.004), and fractures localized solely to the base of the skull offered a protective effect for OCF (OR 0.19, 95% CI 0.06, 0.58; p = 0.003). All OCFs were treated non-operatively with a cervical collar without complications. OCF patients typically sustain other severe injuries, particularly cervical injuries and facial fractures. Careful screening for associated injuries is therefore crucial when examining a patient with OCF. The classification scheme of Mueller et al. seems to be useful in guiding the treatment of OCFs, at least type 1 and 2 fractures. (C) 2021 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Population‐specific modelling of between/within‐subject flow variability in the carotid arteries of the elderly

Computational fluid dynamics models are increasingly proposed for assisting the diagnosis and management of vascular diseases. Ideally, patient‐specific flow measurements are used to impose flow boundary conditions. When patient‐specific flow measurements are unavailable, mean values of flow measurements across small cohorts are used as normative values. In reality, both the between‐subjects and within‐subject flow variabilities are large. Consequently, neither one‐shot flow measurements nor mean values across a cohort are truly indicative of the flow regime in a given person. We develop models for both the between‐subjects and within‐subject variability of internal carotid flow. A log‐linear mixed effects model is combined with a Gaussian process to model the between‐subjects flow variability, while a lumped parameter model of cerebral autoregulation is used to model the within‐subject flow variability in response to heart rate and blood pressure changes. The model parameters are identified from carotid ultrasound measurements in a cohort of 103 elderly volunteers. We use the models to study intracranial aneurysm flow in 54 subjects under rest and exercise and conclude that OSI, a common wall shear‐stress derived quantity in vascular CFD studies, may be too sensitive to flow fluctuations to be a reliable biomarker

Accurate solution of Bayesian inverse uncertainty quantification problems combining reduced basis methods and reduction error models

Computational inverse problems related to partial differential equations (PDEs) often contain nuisance parameters that cannot be effectively identified but still need to be considered as part of the problem. The objective of this work is to show how to take advantage of a reduced order framework to speed up Bayesian inversion on the identifiable parameters of the system, while marginalizing away the (potentially large number of) nuisance parameters. The key ingredients are twofold. On the one hand, we rely on a reduced basis (RB) method, equipped with computable a posteriori error bounds, to speed up the solution of the forward problem. On the other hand, we develop suitable reduction error models (REMs) to quantify in an inexpensive way the error between the full-order and the reduced-order approximation of the forward problem, in order to gauge the effect of this error on the posterior distribution of the identifiable parameters. Numerical results dealing with inverse problems governed by elliptic PDEs in the case of both scalar parameters and parametric fields highlight the combined role played by RB accuracy and REM effectivity

Translation and Validation of the Finnish Version of the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation Questionnaire (PRWE) in Patients with Acute Distal Radius Fracture

Background and Aims: Patient-rated outcome measures have become increasingly important in clinical research. They provide research and clinical tools which can be utilized in the assessment of patient recovery and treatment efficacy. The purpose of our study was to translate and validate the original version of the PRWE form into Finnish. Material and Methods: We conducted the translation of the PRWE questionnaire according to standardized guidelines. Patients (N=119) with an acute distal radius fracture were recruited, and they completed the PRWE and QuickDASH questionnaires at 2months and 4months after the wrist injury. Results: The mean answering times were 52days (standard deviation [SD] 9.8 days) and 116days (standard deviation [SD] 14.8 days), respectively. Both the internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of 0.976 and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.992 (95% CI 0.966-0.998) showed excellent reliability for the total PRWE score. The correlation coefficients between the total score, the subscales, and for improvement over time for PRWE and QuickDASH were excellent. The responsiveness was good with an effect size of 0.83 and a standard response mean of 1.22. Conclusion: Our study shows that the Finnish version of the PRWE is reliable, valid, and responsive for the evaluation of pain and disability after distal radius fracture.Peer reviewe

Seasonal patterns in spectral irradiance and leaf UV-A absorbance under forest canopies

Plants commonly respond to UV radiation through the accumulation of flavonoids and related phenolic compounds which potentially ameliorate UV-damage to crucial internal structures. However, the seasonal dynamics of leaf flavonoids corresponding to epidermal UV absorbance is highly variable in nature, and it remains uncertain how environmental factors combine to govern flavonoid accumulation and degradation. We studied leaf UV-A absorbance of species composing the understorey plant community throughout two growing seasons under five adjacent tree canopies in southern Finland. We compared the relationship between leaf flavonol index (Iflav - repeatedly measured with an optical leaf clip Dualex) and measured spectral irradiance, understorey and canopy phenology, air temperature and snowpack variables, whole leaf flavonoid extracts and leaf age. Strong seasonal patterns and stand-related differences were apparent in Iflav of both understorey plant communities and individual species, including divergent trends in Iflav during spring and autumn. Comparing the heterogeneity of the understorey light environment and its spectral composition in looking for potential drivers of seasonal changes in Iflav, we found that unweighted UV-A irradiance, or the effective UV dose calculated according to the biological spectral weighting function (BSWF) for plant growth (PG action spectrum), in understorey shade had a strong relationship with Iflav. Furthermore, understorey species seemed to adjust Iflav to low background diffuse irradiance rather than infrequent high direct-beam irradiance in sunflecks during summer, since leaves produced during or after canopy closure had low Iflav. In conclusion, we found the level of epidermal flavonoids in forest understorey species to be plastic, adjusting to climatic conditions, and differing according to species' leaf retention strategy and new leaf production, all of which contribute to the seasonal trends in leaf flavonoids found within forest stands.Peer reviewe

Thromboelastometry detects enhancement of coagulation in blood by emicizumab via intrinsic pathway

Non peer reviewe

Lean-johtaminen ja Toyota kata

Tiivistelmä. Tämän kandidaatintyön tavoitteena on tutustua lean-johtamiseen ja Toyota kataan sekä lisätä lukijan tietoisuutta aiheista. Työ on toteutettu kirjallisuuskatsauksena. Työssä perehdytään yleisesti lean-filosofiaan ja sen ydinajatukseen sekä lean-johtamiseen ja sen toteuttamiseen työympäristössä. Leanin ympärille keskittyvien aiheiden lisäksi perehdytään siihen, mitä Toyotan kata on ja mitkä ovat sen osa-alueet. Luettuaan työn lukijalla on käsitys lean-johtamisesta ja Toyotan katasta. Lukija oppii tietämään, mihin käyttötarkoituksiin aiheet ovat ja mistä osista ne koostuvat. Työn tuloksena voidaan pitää tiedon lisääntymistä aihealueista, sillä työ kehitettiin juuri tämän tavoitteen saavuttamiseksi.Lean management and Toyota kata. Abstract. The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to familiarize the reader with lean management and Toyota kata. This thesis has been conducted as a literary survey. The thesis generally introduces lean philosophy and its central theme, along with lean management and its implementation in working environment. In addition to the topics centered around lean, Toyota kata and its components are explored. The reading of this thesis allows the reader to obtain an idea of lean management and Toyota kata. The reader will know what these concepts are used for and what they consist of. As was meant to, the increase of knowledge can be seen as the result of this thesis

Microscopic Cluster Model for Exotic Nuclei

For a better understanding of the dynamics of exotic nuclei it is of crucial importance to develop a practical microscopic theory easy to be applied to a wide range of masses. Theoretically the basic task consists in formulating an easy solvable theory able to reproduce structures and transitions of known nuclei which should be then used to calculate the sparely known properties of proton- or neutron-rich nuclei. In this paper we start by calculating energies and distributions of A\leq4 nuclei withing a unitary correlation model restricted to include only two-body correlations. The structure of complex nuclei is then calculated extending the model to include correlation effects of higher order.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures. Final Version to be published in "Progress of Particle and Nuclear Physics (2007